What is Parkinson’s Disease | What is Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease | Slowdown motion (bradykinesia)

 Parkinson’s  Disease

 Parkinson's disease is a brain condition that results in unintentional or uncontrollable movements like trembling, stiffness, and issues with balance and coordination.

Typically, symptoms start out mildly and get worse over time. They could experience difficulties speaking and walking as the illness worsens. Also, they may experience behavioral and mental changes, sleep issues, depression, memory loss, and weariness. Although almost anyone is at risk of acquiring Parkinson's, certain studies indicate that men are more likely than women to be affected by this condition. It's unknown why, but research is being done to identify potential risk factors. Age is an obvious risk: Although roughly 5% to 10% of Parkinson's patients suffer beginning before the age of 50, the disease often first manifests in those over the age of 60. Parkinson's disease with an early onset is frequently inherited, but not always, and some kinds have been connected to particular genetic changes.

Each person will experience the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease differently. Early symptoms could be negligible and overlooked. Even after symptoms start to affect the limbs on both sides, symptoms frequently start on one of the body's sides and usually continue to be severe there.

Symptoms

Parkinson's symptoms and indicators include:

Tremor

The first limb to experience a tremor, or rhythmic shaking, is typically the hand or fingers. You could wiggle your thumb and forefinger. The term "pill-rolling tremor" describes this. Even when at rest, your hand could shake. While working on a task, the shaking might lessen.

Slowdown motion (bradykinesia)

Parkinson's disease may cause movement slowdown over time, making routine actions challenging and time-consuming. While you walk, your steps can get smaller. It could be challenging to get up from a chair. If you attempt to walk, you can shuffle or drag your feet.

Stiffness of muscles

You can have muscle tightness in any area of your body. Your range of motion may be restricted and made painful by the stiff muscles.

Poor Balance and posture

You might start to slouch. Perhaps Parkinson's disease may cause you to trip or have balance issues.

Reduction in Automatic movement

It's possible that you'll be less able to make unconscious gestures like smiling, blinking, or waving your arms when you move.

Causes

Some brain nerve cells (neurons) eventually deteriorate or die in Parkinson's disease. A decrease of neurons that produce the chemical messenger dopamine in your brain is the cause of many symptoms. Dopamine deficiency results in abnormal brain activity, which worsens movement impairment and other Parkinson's disease symptoms.

Although there is no known cause for Parkinson's disease, a number of factors, including:

Genes

Certain genetic alterations that can cause Parkinson's disease have been identified by researchers. These, however, are unusual unless there are several members of the family who also have Parkinson's disease.

A relatively low risk of Parkinson's disease exists for each of these genetic markers, although some gene changes do appear to raise the risk of the disorder.

Triggers in the environment

Parkinson's disease may develop later if you are exposed to specific poisons or environmental factors, although the risk is quite low.

Researchers have also discovered that persons with Parkinson's disease experience several alterations in their brains, while it is unclear why these changes take place. These modifications include:

Lewy bodies are present

Microscopical indicators of Parkinson's disease include clumps of particular chemicals within brain cells. Lewy bodies are what they are, and scientists think they offer a crucial insight to what causes Parkinson's disease.

Presence of Lewy body alpha-synuclein

Lewy bodies include a variety of chemicals, but scientists think that the naturally occurring protein known as alpha-synuclein plays a significant role (a-synuclein). All Lewy bodies contain it in clumped form, which cells are unable to degrade. At the moment, researchers studying Parkinson's disease are concentrating heavily on this.