What is PCOS | What is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome | What is Symptoms Of PCOS | How is PCOS diagnosed? | How to Treat with PCOS?
PCOS
PCOS, also known as
polycystic ovarian syndrome, is a common hormonal disorder. It results in
infertility, excessive hair growth, irregular menstrual cycles, and acne. The
course of treatment for PCOS is determined by your desire to conceive.
Individuals who have PCOS may also have an increased risk of developing
diabetes and high blood pressure.
When a developed egg is
released from an ovary, ovulation takes place. This takes place in order for a
male sperm to fertilize it. During your menstruation, the egg is expelled from
the body if it is not fertilized.
Male sex hormones called
androgens, which are typically present in modest amounts in women, are produced
abnormally by the ovaries in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
The
numerous little cysts (fluid-filled sacs) that develop in the ovaries are
referred to as polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Symptoms
Each person may
experience polycystic ovarian syndrome symptoms differently. The course of
symptoms might vary, and they frequently happen without apparent cause.
Symptoms that could exist
include:
v Heavy,
protracted, erratic, or nonexistent periods
v Infertility
v Acne
or greasy skin; abundant facial or body hair
v Male-pattern
baldness or hair thinning
v Weight
gain, particularly around the abdomen
Other health issues that
people with PCOS are more prone to experience include:
v Hypertension
(high blood pressure) with type 2 diabetes
v Elevated
cholesterol levels Heart disease
v Endometrial
cancer, or cancer of the uterus's inner lining.
Anxiety, despair, and a
negative body image can also be brought on by PCOS. Social stigma may result
from certain conditions, including obesity, infertility, and unwelcome hair
growth. Other aspects of life, like family, relationships, employment, and
community activity, may be impacted by this.
How
is PCOS diagnosed?
At least two of the
following symptoms must be present in order to diagnose polycystic ovarian
syndrome:
Ø indications
or symptoms of high androgens (unwanted body or facial hair, hair loss on the
head, acne, or elevated blood testosterone levels) - when other potential
reasons have been ruled out;
Ø Menstrual
cycles that are irregular or nonexistent following the rule out of other
reasons; polycystic ovaries detected by ultrasonography.
Hormone level variations
that are distinctive in nature can be detected through blood tests, albeit they
are not always present. Polycystic ovarian syndrome patients may have higher
than normal levels of:
Ø luteinizing
hormone (LH, a pituitary hormone that influences hormone production by the
ovaries and is important for normal ovulation),
Ø Insulin
(a hormone primarily involved in the utilization of energy from food),
Ø Estrogen
(an ovarian androgen hormone that stimulates growth of the womb lining
(endometrium)),
Ø Testosterone
(an ovarian androgen hormone that influences hair growth), and anti-müllerian
hormone (which is measures the fertility level of the ovaries).
Doctors
consider a number of factors when diagnosing patients, including the
possibility that polycystic ovaries run in families, that irregular periods and
ovulation might be a natural aspect of puberty or menopause, and that women who
have a family history of PCOS or type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop
PCOS. Furthermore, some women with PCOS may have an ultrasound scan that does
not show polycystic ovaries, and the ultrasound picture is not always clear.
How to Treat with PCOS?
Although
PCOS cannot be cured, there are therapies that help lessen symptoms.
Consult
a healthcare provider if you have irregular periods, are having problems
getting pregnant, or have significant acne or hair growth.
Modifying
one's lifestyle can help alleviate some of the symptoms of PCOS. A balanced
diet and regular exercise can help lower body weight and lower the risk of type
2 diabetes.
Birth
control pills, or the menstrual cycle, can help control symptoms and regulate
the menstrual cycle. Additional medications help lessen acne or excessive hair
growth brought on by PCOS.
PCOS-related
infertility can be treated with medication, surgery, or changes in lifestyle to
promote regular ovulation. Although it has significant hazards, in-vitro
fertilization (IVF) is a possibility.
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